It was the first time a former head of state had been arrested based on the principle of universal jurisdiction. He returned to face 59 criminal complaints for kidnapping, murder, and torture. Those charges never eventuated from a variety of legal complexities, principally because the Chilean Supreme Court ruled him mentally and physically unable to answer them. Nevertheless, by then, his reputation was damaged, even among his supporters. This is because of the findings of two National Commissions detailing the arbitrary arrests, torture, incarceration, disappearances and political executions that had occurred under his dictatorship.
He directed his forces first at the more extreme of the left-wing parties, the Armed Revolutionary Movement El MIR and the Socialists, but later none of the members of any left wing party could consider themselves safe. For all the accusations levelled against him, Pinochet admitted nothing. Instead, he blamed his senior operatives like Manuel Contreras, his hated head of the secret police, for the terrible abuses that he himself had authorised. Neoliberalism in essence means a distant retreat by the state from total economic management: it wants the state to withdraw from much regulation, encourage free enterprise and competition, and let the market determine real value.
This provided the basis for the work a group of conservative Chilean economists had discussed and planned for a decade, which was enacted after These economists renewed international trade, reduced inflation and divested the state of some of its assets. Some of these actions proved unwise, including selling some national utilities to Spanish companies , which did not necessarily run them in the interests of Chile.
His successes are still held by some to be a Chilean miracle, but the reality was a situation heavily tilted in his favour at a time when political opposition was eliminated, trade unions weakened and working class wages determined by the military dictatorship. The revelations of massive human rights abuses has further tarnished some of this achievement. He rose through the ranks and was appointed Commander in Chief by President Salvador Allende in A month later, Pinochet led the military coup that overthrew Allende.
After 25 years in power, he was put under arrest, but died in , before he could be tried for alleged human rights violations. A career army officer, he led the military coup overthrowing the Allende government in , establishing himself at the head of the ensuing military regime. In he enacted a constitution giving himself an eight-year presidential term — A plebiscite held in rejected his candidacy as president beyond , but he retained his post as commander-in-chief of the army until The arrest caused tension between U.
At the beginning of , Pinochet remained under house arrest in the U. Chile's Court of Appeal decided to strip Pinochet of immunity from prosecution, and he was later ordered to stand trial. In , a Santiago appeals court voted in favor of suspending proceedings against him on the grounds that he was mentally unfit to stand trial, and in the Chilean Supreme Court ruled that proceedings against him be suspended for good. However, in the Court of Appeal stripped him of immunity from prosecution, thus paving the way for a trial on charges of human rights abuses during his rule.
At the beginning of , Pinochet remained under house arrest in the UK, pending the outcome of legal procedures, but the UK government returned him to Chile on the grounds of ill health. In a Santiago appeals court voted in favour of suspending proceedings against him on the grounds that he was mentally unfit to stand trial, and in the Chilean Supreme Court ruled that proceedings against him be suspended for good.
However, in the Court of Appeal stripped him of immunity from prosecution, thus paving the way for a trial on charges of human rights abuses during his rule. Pinochet died December 10, , never having stood trial for the crimes for which he was accused. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! Subscribe for fascinating stories connecting the past to the present. Tucked away in the rocky countryside northwest of Cuzco, Peru, Machu Picchu is believed to have been a royal estate or sacred religious site for Inca leaders, whose civilization was virtually wiped out by Spanish invaders in the 16th century.
For hundreds of years, until the The Nazca Lines are a collection of giant geoglyphs—designs or motifs etched into the ground—located in the Peruvian coastal plain about miles kilometers south of Lima, Peru. Created by the ancient Nazca culture in South America, and depicting various plants, animals, In , while leading an expedition in search of gold, he sighted Che Guevara was a prominent communist figure in the Cuban Revolution who went on to become a guerrilla leader in South America.
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